Description: Homo sapiens chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_002982): This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines are a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine is a member of the CC subfamily which is characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. This cytokine displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It binds to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr17:32,582,296-32,584,220 Size: 1,925 Total Exon Count: 3 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg19 chr17:32,582,369-32,583,846 Size: 1,478 Coding Exon Count: 3
ID:CCL2_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=C-C motif chemokine 2; AltName: Full=HC11; AltName: Full=Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; AltName: Full=Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor; Short=MCAF; AltName: Full=Monocyte chemotactic protein 1; Short=MCP-1; AltName: Full=Monocyte secretory protein JE; AltName: Full=Small-inducible cytokine A2; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. Augments monocyte anti-tumor activity. Has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis or atherosclerosis. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis. SUBUNIT: Monomer or homodimer; in equilibrium. Binds to CCR2 and CCR4. Is tethered on endothelial cells by glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains of proteoglycans. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. PTM: Processing at the N-terminus can regulate receptor and target cell selectivity. Deletion of the N-terminal residue converts it from an activator of basophil to an eosinophil chemoattractant. POLYMORPHISM: Genetic variations in CCL2 determine Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility [MIM:607948]. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=CCL2 entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL2"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=SeattleSNPs; URL="http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/scya2/";
asthma Szalai, C. et al. 2001, Polymorphism in the gene regulatory region of MCP-1 is associated with asthma susceptibility and severity., The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2001 Sep;108(3):375-81.
[PubMed 11544456]
In this cohort of children, there are associations between carrying G at -2518 of the MCP-1 gene regulatory region and the presence of asthma as well as between asthma severity and homozygosity for the G allele. In asthmatic children, the MCP-1 -2518G polymorphism correlated with increased eosinophil levels. This variant of MCP-1 might belong to the predictor gene set for asthma.
Asthma. asthma severity Szalai C 2001, Polymorphism in the gene regulatory region of MCP-1 is associated with asthma susceptibility and severity., The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2001 Sep;108(3):375-81.
[PubMed 11544456]
In this cohort of children, there are associations between carrying G at -2518 of the MCP-1 gene regulatory region and the presence of asthma as well as between asthma severity and homozygosity for the G allele. In asthmatic children, the MCP-1 -2518G polymorphism correlated with increased eosinophil levels. This variant of MCP-1 might belong to the predictor gene set for asthma.
Asthma. asthma severity Szalai C 2001, Polymorphism in the gene regulatory region of MCP-1 is associated with asthma susceptibility and severity., The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 20.
[PubMed 11544456]
In this cohort of children, there are associations between carrying G at -2518 of the MCP-1 gene regulatory region and the presence of asthma as well as between asthma severity and homozygosity for the G allele. In asthmatic children, the MCP-1 -2518G polymorphism correlated with increased eosinophil levels. This variant of MCP-1 might belong to the predictor gene set for asthma.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P13500
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
