Kato et al., Life Sci 2001
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We tested the effects of the ectopic expression of inhibitory Smads in cultured rat smooth muscle cells ( SMC ) to identify the role of TGF-beta/Smad signaling on the phenotypic modulation of SMC Yoshida et al., International journal of biological sciences 2012
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Intriguingly, overexpression of Smad7 , an inhibitor for TGF-ß induced Smad dependent signaling, suppressed the TGF-ß1 induced growth inhibition and SMC markers expression, but did not the TGF-ß1 induced downregulation of EC marker expression