Description: Homo sapiens interleukin 2 (IL2), mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_000586): The protein encoded by this gene is a secreted cytokine that is important for the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes. The receptor of this cytokine is a heterotrimeric protein complex whose gamma chain is also shared by interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 7 (IL7). The expression of this gene in mature thymocytes is monoallelic, which represents an unusual regulatory mode for controlling the precise expression of a single gene. The targeted disruption of a similar gene in mice leads to ulcerative colitis-like disease, which suggests an essential role of this gene in the immune response to antigenic stimuli. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr4:123,372,626-123,377,650 Size: 5,025 Total Exon Count: 4 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg19 chr4:123,372,907-123,377,595 Size: 4,689 Coding Exon Count: 4
ID:IL2_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Interleukin-2; Short=IL-2; AltName: Full=T-cell growth factor; Short=TCGF; AltName: INN=Aldesleukin; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimulate B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine- activated killer cells, natural killer cells, and glioma cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. DISEASE: Note=A chromosomal aberration involving IL2 is found in a form of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Translocation t(4;16)(q26;p13) with involves TNFRSF17. PHARMACEUTICAL: Available under the name Proleukin (Chiron). Used in patients with renal cell carcinoma or metastatic melanoma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-2 family. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAA59140.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; WEB RESOURCE: Name=R&D Systems' cytokine source book: IL-2; URL="http://www.rndsystems.com/molecule_detail.aspx?m=1638"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Interleukin-2 entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_2"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=SeattleSNPs; URL="http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/il2/"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=SHMPD; Note=The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database; URL="http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=IL2";
Alopecia Areata Lynn Petukhova et al. Nature 2010, Genome-wide association study in alopecia areata implicates both innate and adaptive immunity., Nature.
[PubMed 20596022]
atopy Nieters, A. et al. 2004, Association of polymorphisms in Th1, Th2 cytokine genes with hayfever and atopy in a subsample of EPIC-Heidelberg., Clinical and experimental allergy. 2004 Mar;34(3):346-53.
[PubMed 15005726]
Our data suggest an association of genetic variants in IL-6 and IL-2 with hayfever, confirm a role of polymorphisms in IL-4R, IL-13, and IL-18 for the elevated IgE phenotype, and add IL-6 to the list of candidate genes.
celiac disease van Heel, D. A. et al. 2007, A genome-wide association study for celiac disease identifies risk variants in the region harboring IL2 and IL21, Nat Genet 2007.
[PubMed 17558408]
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P60568
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0000165 MAPK cascade GO:0001933 negative regulation of protein phosphorylation GO:0001934 positive regulation of protein phosphorylation GO:0002250 adaptive immune response GO:0002366 leukocyte activation involved in immune response GO:0002376 immune system process GO:0002903 negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process GO:0006955 immune response GO:0007155 cell adhesion GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration GO:0007205 protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity GO:0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0030101 natural killer cell activation GO:0030217 T cell differentiation GO:0030307 positive regulation of cell growth GO:0030890 positive regulation of B cell proliferation GO:0032729 positive regulation of interferon-gamma production GO:0032740 positive regulation of interleukin-17 production GO:0034105 positive regulation of tissue remodeling GO:0038110 interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway GO:0042102 positive regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042104 positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation GO:0042531 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0043066 negative regulation of apoptotic process GO:0045471 response to ethanol GO:0045582 positive regulation of T cell differentiation GO:0045589 regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation GO:0045591 positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation GO:0045822 negative regulation of heart contraction GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0046013 regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation GO:0048304 positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes GO:0050672 negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation GO:0050728 negative regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response GO:0051024 positive regulation of immunoglobulin secretion GO:0060999 positive regulation of dendritic spine development GO:0097192 extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand GO:2000320 negative regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation
E01460 - cDNA encoding human interleukin 2. E02201 - DNA encoding interleukin2 (IL-2). E00210 - cDNA encoding human interleukin 2. E00211 - cDNA encoding peptide which has interleukin 2 - like activity. E00214 - cDNA encoding interleukin-2. E00215 - cDNA encoding interleukin-2. E02011 - cDNA encoding human polypeptide having interleukin-2 activity. E02018 - cDNA encoding human interleukin-2. BC070338 - Homo sapiens interleukin 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:88343 IMAGE:30418817), complete cds. DD462528 - A METHOD FOR DESIGNING FLUORESCENCE RESONANT ENERGY TRANSFER PROBES. E00216 - DNA encoding interleukin-2. E00336 - Human interleukin-2 coding DNA. E02540 - cDNA encoding human Interleukin-2. S77834 - Homo sapiens interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA, complete cds. U25676 - Human interleukin 2 (IL2) mRNA, complete cds. V00564 - Human mRNA encoding interleukin-2 (IL-2) a lymphozyte regulatory molecule. E00250 - DNA coding for human interleukin-2. X01586 - Human mRNA for interleukin 2. S82692 - interleukin-2 [human, placenta, term placentas obtained by cesarean section, mRNA, 1028 nt]. JD235453 - Sequence 216477 from Patent EP1572962. BC066254 - Homo sapiens interleukin 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:79372 IMAGE:6971690), complete cds. BC066255 - Homo sapiens interleukin 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:79373 IMAGE:6971691), complete cds. BC066256 - Homo sapiens interleukin 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:79374 IMAGE:6971693), complete cds. BC066257 - Homo sapiens interleukin 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:79375 IMAGE:6971694), complete cds. E00372 - cDNA encoding human interleukin-2. E01262 - DNA encoding human interleukin-2. E05820 - DNA encoding human Interleukin-2 that is not glycosylated. E08877 - cDNA coding human non-glycosylated interleukin-2. A14844 - H.sapiens mRNA for interleukin-2 (IL-2). DQ861285 - Homo sapiens interleukin-2 mRNA, complete cds. AY283686 - Homo sapiens interleukin-2 mRNA, complete cds. AY523040 - Homo sapiens interleukin-2 mRNA, complete cds. LQ884065 - Sequence 12 from Patent WO2018160540. DQ231169 - Homo sapiens interleukin 2 mRNA, partial cds. CU688118 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100022929 5' read IL2 mRNA. KJ891452 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_00846 IL2 gene, encodes complete protein. AB451325 - Homo sapiens IL2 mRNA for interleukin 2 precursor, complete cds, clone: FLJ08206AAAN. E01108 - cDNA sequence of human IL-2. AB451454 - Homo sapiens IL2 mRNA for interleukin 2 precursor, partial cds, clone: FLJ08206AAAF. AB591003 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pFN21AB6782, Homo sapiens IL2 gene for interleukin 2, without stop codon, in Flexi system. HQ447521 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100070860; CCSB014594_01 interleukin 2 (IL2) gene, encodes complete protein. AF228636 - Homo sapiens interleukin-2 mRNA, partial cds. S77835 - IL-2=interleukin-2 [human, brain, mRNA, 418 nt]. AF532913 - Homo sapiens interleukin-2 permeability enhancing peptide mRNA, complete sequence.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes hsa04060 - Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction hsa04630 - Jak-STAT signaling pathway hsa04660 - T cell receptor signaling pathway hsa04672 - Intestinal immune network for IgA production hsa04940 - Type I diabetes mellitus hsa05142 - Chagas disease hsa05320 - Autoimmune thyroid disease hsa05330 - Allograft rejection hsa05332 - Graft-versus-host disease
BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project h_41bbPathway - The 4-1BB-dependent immune response h_asbcellPathway - Antigen Dependent B Cell Activation h_ctla4Pathway - The Co-Stimulatory Signal During T-cell Activation h_cytokinePathway - Cytokine Network h_il2Pathway - IL 2 signaling pathway h_th1th2Pathway - Th1/Th2 Differentiation h_il18Pathway - IL 18 Signaling Pathway h_nktPathway - Selective expression of chemokine receptors during T-cell polarization h_stemPathway - Regulation of hematopoiesis by cytokines h_tob1Pathway - Role of Tob in T-cell activation h_inflamPathway - Cytokines and Inflammatory Response h_ox40Pathway - OX40 Signaling Pathway
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P60568 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-450054 Interleukin-2 receptor alpha binds interleukin-2 R-HSA-452091 Phosphorylation of IL2RB Y338 enables SHC recruitment R-HSA-452108 Phosphorylation of IL2RB Y338, Y392 or Y510 enables STAT recruitment R-HSA-452122 JAK1 phosphorylates Y338, Y392 and Y510 of IL2RB R-HSA-919404 Phosphorylated STAT5 is released R-HSA-450027 Interleukin-2 receptor alpha:IL2 binds Interleukin-2 receptor beta R-HSA-508292 SYK binds IL2RB R-HSA-451942 Within the IL-2R complex JAK3 phosphorylates JAK1 R-HSA-452100 SHC1 bound to IL2 receptor is phosphorylated R-HSA-452097 Recruited STAT5 is phosphorylated R-HSA-450063 Interleukin-2: IL2 receptor alpha:beta binds IL2 receptor gamma subunit R-HSA-508282 SYK is a substrate for JAK1 R-HSA-453111 Phosphorylated SHC recruits GRB2:SOS1 R-HSA-913374 Phosphorylated SHC1 recruits SHIP R-HSA-508247 Gab2 binds the p85 subunit of Class 1A PI3 kinases R-HSA-913424 The SHC1:SHIP1 complex is stabilized by GRB2 R-HSA-5672965 RAS GEFs promote RAS nucleotide exchange R-HSA-9020558 Interleukin-2 signaling R-HSA-8877330 RUNX1 and FOXP3 control the development of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) R-HSA-451927 Interleukin-2 family signaling R-HSA-8878171 Transcriptional regulation by RUNX1 R-HSA-449147 Signaling by Interleukins R-HSA-212436 Generic Transcription Pathway R-HSA-912526 Interleukin receptor SHC signaling R-HSA-1280215 Cytokine Signaling in Immune system R-HSA-73857 RNA Polymerase II Transcription R-HSA-512988 Interleukin-3, 5 and GM-CSF signaling R-HSA-168256 Immune System R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) R-HSA-5673001 RAF/MAP kinase cascade R-HSA-5684996 MAPK1/MAPK3 signaling R-HSA-5683057 MAPK family signaling cascades R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction
US Server
